The hygroscopicity of a fabric refers to the ability of the fabric to absorb moisture in the air.
The hygroscopicity depends mainly on the absorbent capacity of the fibers that make up the fabric. For hydrophilic fibers, gaseous water molecules can not only adsorb on the surface of the fiber, but also can enter the fiber's interior and attract the hydrophilic gene of the fiber. Hydrophobic fibers and gaseous water molecules can only adsorb on the fiber surface. The moisture absorption is very small. No matter what form of moisture absorption, it releases energy and appears in the form of heat, the so-called hygroscopic heat release. As the body continues to carry out metabolism, it also constantly exudes sweat, it requires clothing, especially underwear fabrics with strong moisture absorption capacity, in order to promptly take away the body's sweat, so that the body remains fresh and dry.
The speed and ability of the fabric to absorb moisture is closely related to the structure of the fabric or the composition of the fiber. The greater the tightness and thickness of the fabric, the lower the hygroscopicity. The order of the moisture absorption performance of the fabrics is the moisture regain: wool (15%~17%)> viscose fiber (13%~14%)> silk (10%~11%)> cotton (7%~8%) > Vinylon (5%~6%)> Polyamide (3.5%~5%)> Acrylic (1.2%~2%)> Polyester (0.4%).
Second, the fabric's water absorption
The quality of the absorbent fabric is also one of the important indicators of the comfort of the garment. Especially when sweating, the water absorption of the fabric becomes very important.
The water absorption of the fabric can be expressed by the moisture regain of the fabric. The moisture regain is the percentage of moisture content of the fabric in the dry weight of the fabric.
There are two ways for fabrics to absorb water: one is the adsorption of fibers that make up the fabric, and the transfer of water from the surface of the fabric to the inside of the fabric. The second is the absorption of water by capillary action with the aid of interstices between the fibers in the fabric and between the yarns. When the human body sweats, the fiber on the surface of the fabric that is in contact with the body absorbs water and transfers the moisture to another surface that is in contact with the dry air and releases it to the air. In the state of sweating, the cotton fiber fabric absorbs water quickly, but the moisture circulates slowly, and the fabric is easy to adhere to the body, giving people a feeling of discomfort; the hemp fabric fabric is fast and fast, and the cooling effect will be even faster. Better, but the fiber is too rigid, the fabric is slightly rough, not suitable for body movement, and the comfort feeling is also general; while the new wet-drying polyester does not have good water absorption, but the hollow structure and the moisture guiding groove structure make the core The effect of absorption and moisture conduction is remarkable, but it gives people a comfortable feeling and is widely used in sports apparel fabrics.
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